硅和锗纳米线的原子排布和电荷分布的密度泛函紧束缚方法研究

低维硅锗材料是制备纳米电子器件的重要候选材料，是研发高效率、低能耗和超高速新一代纳米电子器件的基础材料之一，有着潜在的应用价值。采用密度泛函紧束缚方法分别对厚度相同、宽度在0.272 nm~0.554 nm之间的硅纳米线和宽度在0.283 nm~0.567 nm之间的锗纳米线的原子排布和电荷分布进行了计算研究。硅、锗纳米线宽度的改变使原子排布，纳米线的原子间键长和键角发生明显改变。纳米线表层结构的改变对各层内的电荷分布产生重要影响。纳米线中各原子的电荷转移量与该原子在表层内的位置相关。纳米线的尺寸和表层内原子排列结构对体系的稳定性产生重要影响。     

基于电子病历的乳腺癌群组与治疗方案可视分析

乳腺癌是当前最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其电子病历数据可用于挖掘隐含规律，对治疗与预后分析有重要意义。通过与乳腺科医生合作，选择合适的预测模型和可视化方法，搭建了一个基于电子病历的乳腺癌群组和治疗方案可视分析系统。首先，对具有高维属性的病人进行降维和聚类处理，形成病人群组，并采用南丁格尔图、词云和时间轴可视化方法，直观展示病人群组间特征的差异；然后，用支持向量机（support vector machine，SVM）模型预测治疗方案，用平行坐标、矩阵热力图和分类图分别展示属性相关性、训练后的特征权重和预测结果；最后，用真实案例验证了系统在群组分析、治疗方案及病人属性关联分析中的有效性，从而较好地帮助医生选择合适的治疗方案。     

概率语言多属性群决策方法及其在新型智慧城市市民获得感评价中的应用

针对公众参与的语言信息多属性群决策问题，研究了考虑参与者满意度的概率语言多属性群决策方法。首先，根据参与者的语言评价信息确定并规范化概率语言决策矩阵。然后，对大群体进行共识分析，由最大化参与者群体的满意度构建线性规划模型，确定参与者群组的权重；构造正、负理想方案的评价向量，构建多目标规划模型，用拉格朗日乘子法求解属性权重；定义各方案的加权贴近度，并以此对方案进行排序和优选。最后，通过新型智慧城市市民获得感评价案例验证了模型的可行性和有效性。     

Distribution dependent stochastic differential equations

Due to their intrinsic link with nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations and many other applications, distribution dependent stochastic differential equations (DDSDEs) have been intensively investigated. In this paper, we summarize some recent progresses in the study of DDSDEs, which include the correspondence of weak solutions and nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations, the well-posedness, regularity estimates, exponential ergodicity, long time large deviations, and comparison theorems.     

Turing patterns induced by self-diffusion in a predator–prey model with schooling behavior in predator and prey

Nonlinear Dynamics - This article considers a reaction–diffusion predator–prey model with schooling behavior both in predator and prey species and subject to the homogeneous Neumann...     

基于气体浓度定量的嗅觉刺激器优化设计

现有的基于磁共振测量的嗅觉刺激器，通过调节嗅剂液体浓度的方法可以实现不同浓度的嗅觉刺激，但随着实验进行，受到嗅剂挥发以及实验环境（温度、湿度、气流量）变化的影响，很难确保输送至鼻腔的嗅剂气体浓度的稳定性，进而影响实验结果的准确性．本研究对本实验室前期开发的嗅觉刺激装置进行改进，实现了气体浓度精确定量．改进后的嗅觉刺激器主要分为三个部分：控制系统、反馈系统和气路系统．控制系统主要实现气路系统的送气控制和嗅剂气体浓度调节；反馈系统则负责对气体浓度进行测量；气路系统则在原有基础上添加活性炭装置，降低无关因素干扰．装置改进之后，不同气路切换时间为75.2 ms，比原装置减少了1 s，有效提高刺激精度．实验结果显示，气体浓度调节前，300 s内乙醇、吡啶、乙酸戊酯嗅剂气体浓度分别下降6.7%、71.4%、79.2%，嗅剂气体浓度短时间内发生较大改变．加入气体浓度调节功能后，当气体浓度下降至目标浓度的90%时，可通过调节气泵电压改变嗅剂气流与空气气流比例，从而调节嗅剂气体浓度至目标值，其中吡啶、乙酸戊酯用时13 s．     

Flow-induced shear stress and deformation of a core–shell-structured microcapsule in a microchannel

A numerical model was developed and validated to investigate the fluid–structure interactions between fully developed pipe flow and core–shell-structured microcapsule in a microchannel. Different flow rates and microcapsule shell thicknesses were considered. A sixth-order rotational symmetric distribution of von Mises stress over the microcapsule shell can be observed on the microcapsule with a thinner shell configuration, especially at higher flow rate conditions. It is also observed that when being carried along in a fully developed pipe flow, the microcapsule with a thinner shell tends to accumulate stress at a higher rate compared to that with a thicker shell. In general, for the same microcapsule configuration, higher flow velocity would induce a higher stress level over the microcapsule shell. The deformation gradient was used to capture the microcapsule's deformation in the present study. The effect of Young's modulus on the microcapsule shell on the microcapsule deformation was investigated as well. Our findings will shed light on the understanding of the stability of core–shell-structured microcapsule when subjected to flow-induced shear stress in a microfluidic system, enabling a more exquisite control over the breakup dynamics of drug-loaded microcapsule for biomedical applications.     

Visible-light-induced,autopromoted nickel-catalyzed three-component arylsulfonation of 1,3-enynes and mechanistic insights

Science China Chemistry - A light-induced, nickel-catalyzed three-component arylsulfonation of 1,3-enynes in the absence of photocatalyst is reported. This methodology exhibited mild conditions,...     

Normal approximation and fourth moment theorems for monochromatic triangles

Given a graph sequence denote by T₃(G_n) the number of monochromatic triangles in a uniformly random coloring of the vertices of G_n with colors. In this paper we prove a central limit theorem (CLT) for T₃(G_n) with explicit error rates, using a quantitative version of the martingale CLT. We then relate this error term to the well-known fourth-moment phenomenon, which, interestingly, holds only when the number of colors satisfies . We also show that the convergence of the fourth moment is necessary to obtain a Gaussian limit for any , which, together with the above result, implies that the fourth-moment condition characterizes the limiting normal distribution of T₃(G_n), whenever . Finally, to illustrate the promise of our approach, we include an alternative proof of the CLT for the number of monochromatic edges, which provides quantitative rates for the results obtained in [7].